Abstract
Increase and spreading of antibiotic-resistant organisms are widely reported in the world. Especially in respiratory infections, not only community-associated pathogens (Streptococcus pneumoniae, Haemophilus influenzae, Mycoplasma pneumoniae), but also hospital-associated organisms (multiple-drug resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa, methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus) and new β-lactamase producing bacteria (extended spectrum β-lactamase, metallo-β-lactamase) are becoming serious problem. Recently, novel type of antibiotic resistant organisms, such as multiple-drug resistant Acinetobacter and New Delhi metallo-β-lactamase-1 producers were focused in Japan. Here, topics of new antibiotic-resistant organisms, and recent trends of antibiotic chemotherapy were reviewed.
