Abstract
Electrolysis of 0.1% NaCl solution using an electrobath with a diaphragm between the anode and the cathode results in the formation of so-called elctrolyzed water in the anode side. This electrolyzed solution shows antimicrobial activity and the following physicochemical properties; low pH (2.2-2.7), marked elevation of oxidation-reduction potential (ORP>1, 100mV), dissolved oxygen (15ppm or higher) and available chlorine. The antimicrobial spectrum covers wide varieties of pathogens including multi-drug resistant bacteria like MRSA (Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus). The antimicrobial effect is due to HOCl (hypochlorous acid) formed by the reaction of H2O and Cl2 which results from the electrolysis of NaCl. Hydroxyl radical (·OH) is also detected and believed to play the important role in the antimicrobial activity. Since the electrolyzed solution is not commercially available because of chemical instability, on-site production is the choice at places where the sanitation or disinfection is necessary. The handling of the apparatus is by no means difficult since once tap water is induced to the apparatus, the process goes automatically. The electrolyzed water is quite useful in clinical situations; for example disinfection of hands, endoscopes, and rinsing bedsores or other kinds of wounds. The electrolyzed water has the advantage of safe and ease as a clinical disinfectant and is expected to widen its application. This article reviewed the formation, antimicrobial effect and its mechanism, and clinical application of the electrolyzed water.
