Experimental Study of Seepage Failure Phenomenon with Change of Subsurface Ground Conditions in Centrifuge Model Test

Abstract

We conducted centrifuge model testing with upper seepage flow along with some different subsurface ground conditions. The hydraulic gradient in the upper ground tended to be higher because the void ratio in the subsurface ground was lower. Additionally, the hydraulic gradient in the upper ground of the single-layer ground condition with a loaded filter and the single-layer ground condition with groundwater remained low. Residual vertical effective stresses were present. Saturated ground settlement near the critical hydraulic gradient was remarkable, but settlement of the one-layered ground condition with a loaded filter and a single-layer ground condition with groundwater remained low.