Abstract
The k-ε turbulence models are used for the numerical calculation of turbulent shear flows. The standard k-ε model cannot be, however, applied to multi-phase flow where sediment interacts with turbulence because the models have been developed for the boundary layer flow analysis of single-phase flow. An analysis is performed to derive a new mathematical formulation of k-ε turbulence model for fluid-sediment two-phase flow on the basis of the equations of mass conservation and motion for two-phase flow. A new numerical calculation model, combined the formulation and the semi-theoretical model developed for analysis of the thickness of bed load layer and buffer layer in the previous report, is proposed to predict the vertical distributions of the fluid velocity and sediment concentration and the turbulent structure in steady uniform flow over a plane bed in open channel. The numerical calculations indicate a well agreement with the experimental data measured by Vanoni and Nomicos.
