2020 Volume 35 Pages 9-15
HPV infection is the primary cause of cervical cancer and its precancer. With popularization of HPV prophylactic vaccines, the incidence of cervical cancer is expected to decrease, however, it will take time to eradicate cervical cancer. In order to prevent and control cervical cancer, it is important to implement a step-by-step preventive strategy according to the level of prevention: the primary prevention by HPV prophylactic vaccines; the secondary prevention by screening and treatment; and the tertiary prevention by the treatment of invasive cervical cancer. In this review, we especially focus on the secondary prevention and discuss the management of HPV-related cervical precancer based on the HPV genotypes as well as human immune responses against HPV infection.
