Abstract
The taxonomy is important not only for the scientific interest but also for the evaluation of biological research and intellectual property rights. It may be convenient for microbiologists, but not for taxonomists, to use scientific names with fixed concept without change. However, taxonomy is a dynamic science allowing the study of relationships between organisms and considering their function and evolution. Scientific names should be given to bacteria under a common regulation within the scientific community. “The International Code of Nomenclature of Bacteria” has this function under International Union of Microbiological Societies. This paper briefly reviews the Bacteriological Code and its implications using some examples in the taxonomy of lactic acid bacteria.