Investigation of Low Cycle Fatigue at Elevated Temperatures : (Factors Which Govern Number of Strain Cycles to Failure)

Abstract

In order to clarify how the number of strain cycles to failure is influenced by temperature and frequency of straining in low cycle fatigue, it is necessary to observe the process of the fatigue failure. To obtain the knowledge of the process, crack appearances existing on the failed specimens were compared with each other. Fatigue tests were carried out in a push-pull testing machine on the AISI 321 stainless steel under various temperatures and frequencies of straining conditions. According to the results, the crack appearance does not depend on the temperature and frequency of straining conditions but on the plastic strain range. If fatigue tests are carried out in the same plastic strain range but at different temperatures and frequencies of straining conditions, similar distributions of crack density from the outer surface to the interior of specimens are always observed in the failed specimens. Thus, it is concluded that in low cycle fatigue the behaviour of fatigue cracks is governed primarily by the plastic strain range and it is deduced that the rate of fatigue process depends on temperature, strain rate, and plastic strain energy per cycle.