The poor bonding strength between dental zirconia implants and resin luting cements limits the practical applications of zirconia ceramics. Better wettability is a prerequisite for strong bonding strength. A new surface treatment technology was proposed to improve the wettability of zirconia by creating micro/nano surface textures. The technology was referred as ultrasonic-vibration assisted slant-feed grinding (UASG). Three ultrasonic vibration modes were employed for surface texturing by UASG and different types of micro/nano surface textures were fabricated successfully. The contact angle measurement revealed that these micro/nano textured surfaces had better surface wettability than that of surfaces fabricated by conventional grinding.
