Abstract
This work is a review of experimental methods for observing and modeling the anisotropic plastic behavior of metal sheets and tubes under a variety of loading paths, such as in-plane stress reversal tests on metal sheets and biaxial tension tests on metal sheets and tubes using closed-loop feed-back control testing machines. Observed material responses are compared with the predictions by phenomenological plasticity models. Special attention is paid to the plastic deformation behavior of materials commonly used in industry, and to verifying the validity of conventional anisotropic yield functions for these materials and associated flow rules at large plastic strains. The effects of using appropriate anisotropic yield functions on the accuracy of forming simulations are discussed to highlight the importance of accurate material testing and modeling.
