Pages 61-62
A new design technique was applied to the swirl nozzles of direct-injection gasoline engines. This new technique is based on 3-dimensional Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) using volume of fluid (VOF) model. A new technique using particle image velocimetry (PIV) has also been useed to measure the spray at the exit of nozzle holes. This technique made it possible to ascertain the liquid film thickness which affects atomization characteristics. The calculated results showed relatively good agreement with the measured results. A conventional method, known as Tanasawa's equation, was also compared with the measured results and shown its accuracy.
