An orthogonal type spherical ball reducer is developed to eliminate the backlash and to realize the miniaturization. This reducer consists of three components which are a grooved cam, a ball follower and rolling balls. The motion principle is analyzed using the polar complex vectors analysis. In addition, the design condition is optimized by the pressure angle and the curvature radius. And this ball reducer is verified using the prototype reducer. It is proved that the efficiency is 47.9%. And the value of a backlash is less than 1 pulse which is the measuring resolution.