1236 Development of Multiscale Nonlinear Finite Element Method for Piezoelectric Materials Through a Crystallographic Homogenization Method

Abstract

External load turns the orientations of spontaneous polarization in microscopic domain structures of piezoelectric materials. This domain switching in microscopic structure dominates macroscopic piezoelectric performance. This paper presents a multiscale nonlinear finite element method through a crystallographic homogenization method to analyze ferroelectric hysteresis behaviors caused by domain switching. As a computational example, the electric field-strain relations were discussed for BaTiO_3 single crystal with various initial orientations.