Abstract
When the tunnel fire occurred, the damage by smoke and thermal plumes is considerable. The temperature of thermal plumes, which is stratified and moves along the ceiling, decreases because the ceiling gradually absorbs the heat from the thermal plume. The decrease of temperature induces the thermal plume and smoke descending towards the ground. Practically, in order to keep the evacuate environment, fire exits are installed with a certain interval. Therefore, in order to set up fire exit of appropriate interval, it is necessary to clarify the distance where smoke descends to the ground. Consequently, in this research, the influences of various parameters on the descent of smoke were examined by the 3D Large Eddy simulation.
