223 Energy transfer through the internal force during the golf swing

Abstract

Maximum shot distance is one of the goals of the golf swing. In order to hit a shot of maximum distance, swing linear velocity at the impact of the ball, must be maximal. Since the dynamics of club and arm dominates the overall behavior of the swing, these variables must be clarified for understanding the mechanism to produce the maximum velocity of the club. As a step toward understanding the mechanism, we investigated how non-muscular (e.g. centrifugal and gravity) forces of the each link; generates, absorbs, and transfers mechanical energy in order to produce the maximal velocity. This was accomplished using a mathematical analysis, derived entirely from dynamical equations of a three-dimensional double pendulum with a moving pivot model. We elucidated the role of the internal force for natural golf swing.