Identification of Double product break point using pulse wave during submaximal graded exercise

Abstract

The present investigation aimed to develop a novel double product (DP) assessment using a pulse wave during the cycle-ergometer submaximal graded test (GXT). Young, healthy males were enrolled in the study. The exercise intensity was increased to 10 watts per minute after the 2-min warm-up period. The heart rate (HR), systolic blood pressure (SBP), and pulse wave were obtained continuously during the experimental period. A standardized device (TangoM2, SunTech Medical, North Carolina) was used for the HR and SBP measurements; the product of HR and SBP determined was used to evaluate the DP. The pulse wave was obtained at 1K Hz from the fingertip, and the pulse rate (PR) was analyzed. Thereafter, A-wave and the integration of pulse waveform were analyzed as a new index for the SBP (NSBPa and NSBPi, respectively). Furthermore, the products of PR and SBPa or SBPi were defined as the novel index of DP (NDPa and NDPi, respectively). There were significant correlation between PR and HR (p<0.05); furthermore, NSBPa and NSBPi correlated considerably with SBP (p<0.05), and NDPa and NDPi were significantly associated with DP (p<0.05). The present investigation revealed that the pulse wave could estimate the HR, SBP, and DP during the GXT in young male adults.