Abstract
The shape design method presented in this study is based on the knowledge of spatial non-uniformity of the response due to specific areal blockage by the vehicle. The method consists of an efficient numerical prediction of the pressure wave and its implementation into a shape optimization technique. A series of transient finite element flow simulations of the tunnel entry is conducted to collect the information of pressure response of the tunnel. Several suggestions for effective reduction of the pressure gradient are deduced from this information. The pressure wave generated by a train is approximated by a composition of the pressure response of the tunnel incorporated with non-linear correction. The shape optimization also utilizes the variation of the pressure response. The pressure wave generated by the optimized shape is verified by the direct simulation and it exhibits a good reduction of the pressure gradient.
