Abstract
We report the case of a two-year-old boy born at 35 gestational weeks, with a birth weight of 2506 g. He suffered from neonatal asphyxia with severe motor and intellectual disabilities (SMID) due to abruptio placentae. At the age of 1 year and 8 months, he was hospitalized in our hospital facility. At 2 years and 9 months of age, he suffered from a urinary tract infection and was administered cefaclor. On 3rd day after administration, he developed anemia, and on 5th day, he developed severe anemia. We stopped administering the drug due to drug-induced anemia but his anemia still progressed. We examined the cause of the anemia with the help of a positive direct Coombs test and we further diagnosed drug-introduced immune hemolytic anemia that was caused by the administration of cefaclor and started giving him prednisolone. On 5th day after prednisolone administration, the progression of anemia was stopped, and the child's condition began to improve. Cephem antibiotics are used frequently in clinical practice, particularly in the case of children with SMID at high risk of urinary tract infection; therefore, drug-introduced immune hemolytic anemia is a disease that requires special attention.
