Abstract
(1) Flow properties of emulsions containing from 10 to 60vol. % of liquid-paraffin in water, stabilized with SDS or Tween 60, have been investigated using Maron and Belner's capillary viscometer at 32°C.
Viscosities of SDS system do not depend on the rate of shear at dispersion concentrations below 40vol. %. Tween 60 system shows non-Newtonian flow over the range of dispersion concentrations at relatively low rate of shear. At higher shear rate, flow of the Tween 60 system tends to show Newtonian behavior and the values of the relative viscosities of the system agree with those of SDS system at the same dispersion concentrations.
These differences in flow behavior of the two systems may be attributed to the difference in the dispersion state, which is remarkably influenced by the nature of the surface layer on the dispersed particle.
(2) Flow properties of surface active agent (emulsifier) aqueous solutions containing n-octanol or n-hexane have been studied at 32°C.
In n-octanol system, values of viscosity increase with the increasing amount of solubilized n-octanol and pass through a maximum value in the neighborhood of the concentration of the limit of solubilization and decrease again with the further addition of n-octanol. In n-hexane system, the values of viscosity increase with the increasing amount of n-hexane in a fairly normal way.
These differences in flow behavior of the two system may be attributed to the difference in polarity between n-octanol (polar liquid) and n-hexane (non-polar liquid).
