Abstract
Using two-dimensional model powder particles such as of small wooden rods and of small vinyl straw pipes, their consolidation and consolidation-shearing tests have been carried out in the two-dimensional testing container vessels. The momentary alternating state of consolidation or shearing that took place during the testing period can be observed directly in these observations as presented in Figs. 10, and 13. We can also decide the amount of strains induced by the external pressing stress by observing the variation of labeled marks on the piled surface of the two-dimensional model powder particles as can be seen in Fig. 14.
The relations between the consolidating external stress σ and shearing stress τ induced in the shearing surface can be illustrated as linear and curved relations as shown in the Eq. (6) in the tests of ordinary three-dimensional powder particles. These relations can be observed in the two-dimensional model powder particles as illustrated in Fig. 7, in which the curved characteristics can be illustrated by the deformability of the piled powder as shown in Fig. 8. The method to calculate the stress-distribution obtained from the strain-distribution which was observed momentarily is presented in this paper though its detailed calcultions are reserved for another paper.
