Development of Functionally Graded Materials by HIP

Abstract

Hot Isostatic Pressing (HIP) is a powerful tool to produce functionally graded materials (FGMs). The Partially Stabilized Zirconia (PSZ)/stainless steel, TiAl (α/α+γ), and W/Cu FGMs can combine incompatible functions of heat resistance and toughness in structural uses. In functional uses, the graded C/C composite for the heat receiver, the Ir/W/Ta emitter electrode for the thermionic converter, and one step formation of a graded thermoelectric conversion unit of SiGe with electrodes are developed using HIP. These recent developments of FGMs by HIP are reviewed.