MR–guided focused ultrasound therapy : A practical approach

Abstract

Magnetic resonance–guided focused ultrasound (MRgFUS) is a minimally invasive surgical technique proven effective for treating drug–resistant essential tremor and Parkinson disease. Several factors influence the effectiveness of MRgFUS. Skull characteristics, including thickness and the skull density ratio, can affect the temperature rise during treatment. Since the actual power and exposure time are related and crucial for the thermal effects of ultrasound, it is necessary to carefully monitor these parameters to prevent unintended cavitation. Achieving a temperature increase enlarges the coagulation nest, enhancing treatment effectiveness but also raising the risk of complications. Given the multifactorial nature of the treatment, prioritizing safety while maximizing temperature efficiency and ensuring adequate sonication at the target area is essential. In summary, it is crucial to recognize the complexity of MRgFUS treatment, ensuring safety, optimizing temperature efficiency, and providing sufficient sonication at the target site to achieve the best outcomes.