Abstract
To clarify the effects of two different surface roughnesses of Brånemark implants (Nobel Biocare, Gotebörg, Sweden), a relatively smooth machined surface and a rougher surface created by anodic oxidation, on the failure of osseointegration establishment (early failure), we statistically carried out a clinical examination on those implants, 432 fixtures with smooth surface and 118 fixtures with rough surface.
The results are summarized as follows:
1. Fifteen smooth fixtures (3.5%) and one rough fixture (0.8%) failed to establish osseointegration before the fitting of superstructures. However, there was no significant difference in early failure between them.
2. In the maxilla, the early failure of the rough fixture was significantly lower than that of the smooth fixture.
3. In the case of low initial stability of a fixture at the installation, the early failure of the rough fixture was significantly lower than that of the smooth fixture.
4. Although the length of a fixture, bone quality and bone quantity affected the early failure of the smooth fixture, they did not affect the early failure of the rough fixture.
5. Sex, age, site of placement, diameter of a fixture, the healing period between fixture installation and abutment connection and smoking habit did not affect the osseointegration establishment of those fixtures.
