2019 Volume 32 Issue 2 Pages 140-147
Purpose : Recently, it was estimated that there are more than 43 million patients with hypertension in Japan. Although hypertension is considered to have high prevalence among implant patients, the relevance of taking antihypertensive drugs and implant treatments has not been reported. Therefore, we clinically examined the effects of various antihypertensive medications on the clinical parameters of the peri-implant tissue. Materials and Methods : Patients who visited between November 2016 and April 2018 for implant maintenance were enrolled in this study. Clinical histories were reviewed and patients were classified into a healthy group (H : without systemic diseases or any medications) and an antihypertensive medication group (AH : those medicated with calcium antagonist or angiotensin II receptor blocker (ARB)). We excluded those patients who smoked or had a history of mild to severe periodiontitis. Those for whom 6 months or more had elapsed since setting of the superstructure were evaluated. Clinical parameters examined included probing pocket depth (PPD), bleeding on probing (BoP), and marginal bone loss (MBL). Statistical analyses were performed with the Mann-Whitney U-test and Spearman's rank correlation coefficient to determine significant differences between these parameters. Results : Seventy implants in 35 patients (male:10, female:25, mean maintenance period:5 years 6 months) were assessed. Fortysix implants in 25 patients were analyzed in the H group and 24 implants in 10 patients in the AH group. The prevalence of implant-based peri-implantitis was 5.7% of all the implants. Comparing the two groups, PPD and MBL were significantly larger in the AH group. Moreover, we found moderate positive correlations between BoP and MBL (rs=0.461, p＜0.05) in the AH group. Conclusion : Our findings suggest that probing pocket depth is possibly deeper and bone resorption may be increased in patients taking calcium antagonist and ARB medications in medium-term maintenance therapy.
