Anatomy of the Mandibular Canal for Implant Dentistry : Revisiting Classic Anatomy and Reconsidering Recent Findings

Abstract

Dental implants have a long history, and dentists have developed and provided implants based on anatomical knowledge without cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT). Recently, implant dentistry entered a new era with CBCT technology, and the small bony structures have become visible. The anatomy of the mandibular canal is now completely understood. However, the present author believes that classic anatomy research on the mandibular canal needs to be remembered, considered, and even revisited. This article revisits the classic anatomy of the mandibular canal in old literature and reviews newly published research to discuss the significance of the mandibular canal anatomy in implant dentistry. The course of the mandibular canal, bifid mandibular canal and retromolar canal, macroscopic and microscopic anatomy of the mandibular canal, and mandibular canal morphology on CBCT and superposition with old anatomy research will lead to a better understanding of the clinical anatomy of the mandibular canal.