Abstract
Blast-induced injury is caused by exposure to the blast generated by an explosion. In addition to trauma mechanisms experienced by non-military clinicians when taking care of the civilian population, the mechanism of penetrating objects and the mechanism of pressure injury accompanied by shock waves （composed of a lead shock wave followed by supersonic flow） damage the body in a complex manner, resulting in various injuries. In addition to treating patients in accordance with the guidelines for acute-stage trauma care, treatment should be performed in consideration of the risk stratification and pathology of pressure injuries accompanied by shock waves, including an understanding of the conditions at the time of injury. Such injuries are different from non-military, civilian trauma, and it is necessary to understand the characteristics before surgical or cerebrovascular treatment.
Global activity is expected to resume after the pandemic, including large international events such as the 2025 Osaka World Exposition. Accordingly, it is necessary to ensure safety and prepare for emergency treatment in the event of terrorism and unexpected disasters. Even in Japan, medical professionals and related parties involved in emergency care should have a certain level of knowledge about the pathology, diagnosis, and treatment of blast-induced injuries.
This article outlines the mechanism of blast injury, its characteristics including pathophysiology, and diagnosis and treatment, including initial care for blast victims.
