Abstract
Plasmablastic lymphoma （PBL） is an aggressive non-Hodgkin lymphoma commonly associated with HIV infection. We present here a case of AIDS-related PBL of the maxillary gingiva with a review of the literature. A 61-year-old Japanese man was referred due to gingival swelling around the left maxillary second molar. The lesion was diagnosed as PBL by histological and immunohistochemical analyses of the biopsy specimen. Blood examination revealed that HIV antigen and antibody were positive and HIV-1 quantitative RT-PCR score and CD4 positive cell count were 51,000 copies/ml and 105 cells/μl, respectively. After antiretroviral therapy was started by a hemato-oncologist, the maxillary gingival mass rapidly disappeared without receiving chemotherapy for PBL. Two years after the start of antiretroviral therapy, HIV infection is controlled and there is no recurrence of PBL.
