Abstract
Verrucous carcinima can be defined in clinical, morphologic, and cytokinetic terms as a unique form of squamous cell carcinoma. This low-grade malignant lesion has distinct clinical and pathologic features, distinguishing it from other well-differentiated squamous cell carcinomas . Since verrucous carcinoma was first identified as a distinct clinicopathologic entity, there has been great confusion in the literature as to the appropriate therapeutic approach, the incidence of recurrence, and the frequency of anaplastic transformation of this carcinoma.
Current concepts about the management of this uncommon tumor as well as some recent investigations that deal with its etiology and molecular genetic alterations were reviewed.
In the treatment of this tumor, although there is no doubt that complete surgical excision is the treatment of choice, this may be precluded by the patient's medical status, the extent of the lesion, or both. Despite the fact that this is a moderately radiosensitive lesion, radiation therapy has generally been condemned because of the increased risk of anaplastic transformation and high rate of recurrence. However, recent studies demonstrated that oral verrucous carcinoma has similar radioresponsiveness and improved survival compared to well-differentiated squamous cell carcinomas. Radiation therapy may be an effective alternative if surgical treatment is contraindicated.
