Abstract
Syncope is defined as a transient loss of consciousness due to transient global cerebral hypoperfusion characterized by rapid onset, short duration, and spontaneous complete recovery. Pathophysiological classification of syncope is reflex syncope, orthostatic hypotension, and cardiac syncope. Cardiac syncope has a poor prognosis relative to non-cardiac syncope. Historical features of prior occurence, onset, and end of attack are important for the diagnosis of reflex syncope and orthostatic hypotension. Syncope is often a risk factor in cardiac syncope, it is important to diagnose the underlying heart disease and theat it. In cases of transient loss of consciousness, the diagnosis is based on carefully taken medical history, blood pressure, heart rate, and basic examinations as electrocardiogram, chest X-ray. Further examinations including echocardiogram, CT, MRI is selected if necessary. In children, orthostatic dysregulation should be excluded.
