Prognosis Prediction for Perimembranous Ventricular Septal Defect Based on 12-Lead Electrocardiograms Obtained a Month after Birth

Abstract

Objective: To investigate whether 12-lead electrocardiography at 1 month after birth can predict the prognosis of patients with perimembranous ventricular septal defect (VSD).

Methods: We divided 44 perimembranous VSD cases were divided into three groups according to the outcome at the age of 1 year as follows: naturally closed (n＝14), unclosed (n＝17), operative (n＝13) and compared their electrocardiographic findings with those at the age of 1 month. We also compared the operative group with the nonoperative groups (naturally closed and unclosed) and the naturally closed group with the non-naturally closed groups (operative and unclosed) to identify factors predictive of operation and natural closure, respectively.

Results: The results are shown by (naturally closed vs. unclosed vs. operative; p value). By comparing all the groups, we found that V1 positive T-wave (0％ vs. 11.8％ vs. 84.6％; p＜0.001) was significantly more frequent and the the frequency of the V5 R-wave (1.81 mV [0.72–2.88 mV] vs. 2.07 mV [0.90–3.77 mV] vs. 2.34 mV [1.55–3.85 mV]; p＝0.005) was significantly higher in the operative group. V1-positive T-wave (84.6％ vs. 6.5％; p＜0.001) was significantly more frequent and V1 R-wave (1.64 mV [0.60–4.73 mV] vs. 1.21 mV [0.29–2.62 mV]; p＝0.015) was significantly higher in the operative group than in the nonoperative group. In the naturally closed group, the V5 R-wave (1.81 mV [0.72–2.88 mV] vs. 2.13 mV [0.90–3.85 mV]; p＝0.025) and V5 S-wave (0.61 mV [0.35–1.55 mV] vs. 0.99 mV [0.26–2.98 mV]; p＝0.036) were significantly lower.

Conclusion: In patients with perimembranous VSD, 12-lead electrocardiography at 1 month of age may predict the prognosis at 1 year of age.