Abstract
Here I review the localized aggressive periodontitis (LAP) and the periodontitis associated with Down syndrome. At first, the feature of LAP is that while the gingivitis is clinically weak, severe movement of teeth at the early stage takes place due to the drastic bone resorption of incisors and the first molar. Highly toxic Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans (Aa) serotype b strains are frequently detected in periodontal pockets. Therefore, the microbacterial tests are recommended in LAP suspected cases. In addition to regular treatments, administration of systemic antibiotics, particularly tetracycline during treatment of LAP is needed.On the other hand, in the patients with Down syndrome, the severe destruction in the periodontal tissues at the early stage and the refractory tendency were shown. Therefore, plaque control is thoroughly necessary. In case that periodontopathic bacteria were detected by the microbial test, they should take an antibiotic therapy using sensitive reagents for each bacteria.However, this environment in the patients with Down syndrome is not still clear. It is necessary to analyze further the oral environment in the patients with Down syndrome in detail, and contribute the prevention and development of a new therapy for dental diseases of these patients in the future.
