A Study on Morphological Characteristics of the Upper and Lower Dental Arch and Occlusional Pattern of Children with Cleft Lip and Palate in Deciduous Dentition
1987 Volume 25 Issue 1 Pages 119-141
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1987 Volume 25 Issue 1 Pages 119-141
The purpose of this study was to elucidate the morphological characteristics of the upper and lower dental arch of children with cleft lip and palate in deciduous dentition (Hellman's dental stage IIA), especially the influence to be seen in the lower arch and changes in the occlusional pattern.
The materials consisted of plaster models obtained from 10 bilateral and 30 children with unilateral complete cleft lip and palate (mean age, 3Y11M), who were operated on and treated by the Cleft Palate Team of Showa University.
For the control, plaster models obtained from 40 normal children (mean age, 3Y10M) were used.
The following results were obtained by three-dimensional analysis.
1) The influence of morphological and functional disorders caused by the upper dental arch with cleft palate was seen in the lower dental arch, mainly inclination or displacement of the lower deciduous teeth, and as a result changes of dimensions and asymetry of arch form were shown in lower arch.
2) All of the children with cleft lip and palate showed cross-bite, and in cases of unilateral cleft lip and palate cross-bite was shown more frequently on the cleft side than on the non-cleft side. As for the conditions of the terminal plane, a large number of children in the cleft group showed a mesial step type, but a great difference between the cleft side and the non-cleft side was observed. In many cases in the cleft group, the axis of the tooth crown of the upper and lower teeth showed lingual inclination in not only the anterior but also the posterior teeth.
3) on the vertical position of the upper and lower dental arch of children with cleft lip and palate, the vertical distance between the labial (buccal) marginal points of the upper teeth and those of the lower teeth varied remarkably in the anterior teeth, and children with cleft lip and palate showed more variable vertical distance in the posterior teeth than in the case of children..
