Chemical Constituents from the Aerial Parts of Achillea millefolium and Their Aldose Reductase Inhibitory Activity

Abstract

The MeOH extract prepared from the aerial parts of Achillea millefolium showed potent aldose reductase (AR) inhibitory activity. Bioassay-guided fractionation of the extract resulted in the isolation of a previously undescribed flavonoid glycoside (1), as well as eight known flavonoid derivatives (2－9), caffeic acid (10), two known quinic acid derivatives (11 and 12), and two known sesquiterpene derivatives (13 and 14). Compounds 1－3, 8, 9, 11, and 12 showed AR inhibitory activity with IC₅₀ values ranging from 3.4 μM to 29.2 MM.