Collaboration between orthopedic surgeons and physical therapists in exercise therapy for chronic low back pain: current situation and problems

Abstract

Exercise therapy plays a crucial role in functional recovery and improving patients' quality of life in the treatment of low back pain. Orthopedic surgeons diagnose the cause of low back pain through examinations and prescribe appropriate exercise therapy, but collaboration with physical therapists is essential for effective implementation. Orthopedic surgeons identify the cause of low back pain through patient interviews, physical examinations, and imaging studies to determine the most appropriate treatment. In exercise therapy, personalized prescriptions based on an accurate diagnosis are required. However, evidence supporting exercise therapy tailored to specific causes of back pain remains limited, posing a challenge for future research. Meanwhile, the effectiveness of exercise therapy for chronic low back pain is recommended in clinical guidelines, with aerobic exercise and core stabilization training being recognized as beneficial. Physical therapists, based on the diagnosis provided by orthopedic surgeons, conduct detailed evaluations and implement tailored treatments for patients. They utilize a combination of manual therapy, stretching, and core muscle training to alleviate back pain. Additionally, they contribute to the prevention of low back pain through lifestyle guidance and workplace education. Particularly, combining exercise with educational interventions is expected to yield greater preventive effects. However, collaboration between orthopedic surgeons and physical therapists faces challenges such as insufficient information sharing and issues with treatment continuity. To address these problems, utilizing ICT for real-time communication, organizing conferences, and implementing interdisciplinary training programs can be effective strategies. Strengthening cooperation at every stage of diagnosis, treatment, and education is essential for enhancing the effectiveness of low back pain management.