Abstract
This paper analyzes commonalities and differences between Japanese and Korean national identity by multi-group covariance structure analysis with structured means. In this article, “criteria for national member,” “national pride,” and “xenophobia” are cited as “national identity” by referencing previous research. The result shows that Japanese and South Korean criteria for national membership are both one-dimensional. This is affected by the prevailing myth of a “homogeneous nation.” The correlations between political national pride and xenophobia are negative in many Western European countries, but positive in Japan and South Korea. Because of the authoritarian regime experiments in Japan and South Korea, political national pride in both countries associate anti-sentiment toward non-national others. The conceptual configuration of “armed forces” and “history” are different between Japan and South Korea. This result shows that variant historical experiments affect people's attitudes toward their own nations.
