Abstract
After the World War II, Japan-fishery developed remarkably during 30s of Showa era, creating large fishery labour forces. But, after 40s of Showa era, Japan-fishery has faced with hard conditions, such as the limitation of 200 nautical miles jurisdiction and disturbing ecosystem of fishery resources. These caused the change in constitutes of coast fishing structure. Consequently, fishing village itself has changed its social structure. However, sociological studies have been insufficient to analyze the social structure of fishing village after 40s of Showa era.
This article attempts to analyze how was the changing process of the fishing village under the influence of fishery development. The analysis is based on the research conducted at the coastal village, where the fishing structure has been changed and fishing laborerers have been created.
First, I analyze the changing process of fishery there. Secondly, I explain the characters of the ie and honke-bunke (ie-head and branch ie) relationships in the fishing village, and make clear the establishing process of bunke, branch family, after the World War II. And thirdly, the changing process of social structure is analyzed from the view point of re-organization of village self-government system. Through these examination, I conclude that the ie and mura (village) secure the livelihood system, in spite of the changing local community.
