Abstract
Special efforts have been made to unravel the crime and delinquency. Among them, sociological researches have been focused on the differences between the environment of delinquents and that of non-delinquents. And these studies have placed the emphasis on the multitude of environmental factors which work together in causing delinquency.
But there are some questions, very important from the view-point of prevention, prediction and therapy, which sociology has so far proved unable to solve. An important reason for this is, probably, that these studies has sought the interrelations of objective environments -broken homes, ecnomic conditions, etc.-with delinquency. This is confirmed by our case studies presented in this report. Namely, in our 56 delinquents' cases studies, 34 cases have revealed that one of siblings growing up in the same environment has fallen into delinquency, while others have not. These materials suggests that a subjective environment always interposed between the objective environments and the individual, and that it is much more significant for his personality formation and behavior. In other words, personality is not determined by objective environments or conditions, but mainly by his subjective environments.
That is to say, it seems to be the integration of his experiences. Therefore, even if the objectiveenvironment is the same for a number of people, different individuals will obtain different experiences and will develope accordingly different personalities.
From this point of view we intended to analyze the subjective envirnment of delinquents in terms of their reference group. The emotion as a clue of the subjective environment and personality. -We use term emotion as “passive reaction of subject, which is integrated into personality”. (Its active reaction is revealed as a behavior.)
Thus, by the case studies, we tried primarily to elucidate how human relations of delinquents on their emotions. Secondly, we examined the dynamic and functional interrelations, of the needs, value and subjective environment inside of personality.
