2024 Volume 32 Issue 1 Pages 1-10
The aim of this study was to develop the Brief Implicit Association Test for Autonomous Self-Esteem for Lower Grade Children (IAT-ASE-LGC) using emoticon stimuli and examine the reliability and validity. The test was a paper-and-pencil version that is applicable to groups of children. Participants were 2nd-grade (in Study 1) and 1st-grade (in Study 2) elementary school children. The reliability was examined in terms of a test-retest method utilizing Pearson’s correlations. Home-room teachers assessed their children’s behaviors to examine the criteria-related validity. The results showed moderate levels of positive correlations (r＝.68 in Study 1; r＝.70 in Study 2) in the test-retest reliability. Moreover, children with higher scores of the IAT-ASE-LGC were evaluated as having characteristics of higher autonomous self-esteem in terms of behaviors depicting autonomous and heteronomous self-esteem. These results illustrated the validity of the IAT-ASE-LGC. Taken together, these finding revealed that the IAT-ASE-LGC was developed as a reliable and valid test. Limitations and future perspectives were discussed.
