Systematization of Research on Foresight

—Literature Study Using Network Analysis and Design Organization Considerations

Abstract

Foresight involves rational anticipation of the future based on available information and knowledge, leading to the creation of medium- to long-term visions through participatory approaches. This study analyzed 2,586 papers from the Web of Science, providing an overview of academic research. Foresight gained traction in the 1990s through technology policies, while reports from organizations like the United Nations in the 2000s established its fundamentals. Since the 2010s, the focus has shifted towards exploring strategic options beyond business plans to foster innovation and studying long-term themes such as environmental issues. A recent paper highlights the importance of developing flexible strategies and capturing organizational change through rapid decision-making in coordination with foresight activities. Foresight activities are crucial for design organizations as well, where strategic options are proposed while presenting a comprehensive picture of the future society. To effectively respond to rapid societal changes, an agile organizational structure and facilitation skills to lead projects with stakeholders are essential.