Enhancing the Mechanical Strength of Mycelium-Based Leather through Hybridization with Natural Fibers

Abstract

This study aimed to enhance the mechanical strength of mycelium leather derived from Pleurotus ostreatus and Morchella esculenta by incorporating natural fibers (cotton, wool, flax) during early cultivation. Composite leathers were analyzed by laser microscopy and tensile testing. Cotton- and wool-reinforced samples showed clear improvements in both tensile load and elongation, whereas flax composites exhibited increased load but reduced elongation. These results indicate that fine, flexible, and hydrophilic fibers such as cotton and wool enable tight interfacial bonding with mycelium, making them effective reinforcements. In contrast, flax fibers left voids and exposure on the surface, leading to weaker interfacial adhesion and lower compatibility.