Heat and Water Vapor Transfer between Atmosphere and Pavement Surface Under Dry, Wet, Ice Plate and Packed Snow State

Abstract

This paper describes water vapor transfer coefficients related to sublimation and evaporation, and heat transfer coefficients between atmosphere and pavement surface under dry, wet, ice plates and packed snow, obtained from wind tunnel tests and a heat energy balance model. In particular, the contact surface area between an asphalt pavement and a snow/ice layer was taken into consideration in the heat conduction flux supplied from the pavement.Consequently, the roughness heights of four kinds of pavement surfaces mentioned above were obtained. Moreover, the heat and water vapor transfer coefficients were formulated as a function of the friction velocity for each surface.