Abstract
Liver transplant (LT) recipients have a higher overall risk of developing de novo malignancy than the general population dose with a standardized incidence ratio (SIR) of 1.95, which was calculated from the incidence of de novo malignancies in major centers and national registries of various countries. It is also elucidated that major risk factors for de novo malignancy after LT include patient ages, excessive immunosuppression, history of alcoholic liver disease, primary sclerosing cholangitis, sun exposure, smoking, and certain oncogenic viral infections. Despite de novo malignancy being a leading cause of mortality and morbidity after LT, no guideline has been defined to reduce its occurrence. All LT recipients are recommended to receive counseling on smoking cessation, limitation of alcohol use, and sun protection, as well as annual checkups for cancer screening. Further studies to develop effective screening methods for de novo malignancy, alternative immunosuppressive protocols, and multidisciplinary care pathways are required.
