2018 Volume 4 Issue 1 Pages A_129-A_137
Evacuation using a car got allowed in Japan after the 2011 Great East Japan Earthquake, if it is really needed for the community. Excessive car usage may increase the risk being caught by tsunami due to the traffic jam and queue in road, as well as traffic accident risk due to collisions with pedestrians. This study proposes a cell-based tsunami evacuation model to minimize the risk of being caught by tsunami, considering vehicle-pedestrian mixture and resulted traffic accident risk. An illustrative analysis for a real scale municipality facing to the Pacific Coast in Japan shows that the optimal vehicle usage rate is around 20% with usage of alternate routes other than the shortest route of each car, having negative effects to increase of traffic accident. We show that traffic safety measures must be considered based on the time and location of high traffic accident risk, calculated by the proposed model.
