Oxidative stress induced by cerebral ischemia-reperfusion and neuroprotection: Potentiality of pH-responsive radical-containing nanoparticle (RNP)

Abstract

Free radicals produced by cerebral ischemia and reperfusion can extend the infarct area by the damage of ischemic penumbra, which is known as ischemia-reperfusion injury. Nitroxyl radicals such as 2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidine-1-oxyl (TEMPO) have unique anti-oxidant abilities to scavenge free radicals. However, short in vivo half-life and toxicity have limited their clinical application. In this report, the property of radical-containing nanoparticle (RNP), which was developed to overcome the limitations of nitroxyl radical, was introduced, and the molecular mechanism of it’s accumulation to ischemic brain and the scavenging effect of free radicals were demonstrated.