A Phonocardiographic Study on Cattle II. Phonocardiogram with Advance in Growth of Calves under Fattening

Makoto WASHIZU; Tomiya UCHINO; Ryoichi NAKAMURA

doi:10.11276/jsvc1968.7.35

A Phonocardiographic Study on Cattle

II. Phonocardiogram with Advance in Growth of Calves under Fattening

Makoto WASHIZU, Tomiya UCHINO, Ryoichi NAKAMURA

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JOURNAL FREE ACCESS

1974 Volume 7 Issue 7 Pages 35-42

DOI https://doi.org/10.11276/jsvc1968.7.35

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Published: 1974 Received: September 30, 1974 Available on J-STAGE: March 05, 2010 Accepted: - Advance online publication: - Revised: -
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Date of correction: March 05, 2010 Reason for correction: - Correction: ABSTRACT Details: Wrong : The authors observed phonocardiograms (PCG's) with the advance in growth of 4 calves under fattening. PCG's were recorded 8 times at intervals of 2 weeks for 98 days extending from 116 to 259 days after birth. The site of recording was the mitral valve area on the body surface. They were analyzed for the following factors: pattern of PCG, duration of the first (S₁), second (S₂), and foruth (S₄) heart sound, Q-S₁, Q-S₂, and P-S₄ interval, amplitude ratio (S₂/S₁, S₄/S₁), and frequency of S₁, S₂, and S₄ heart sound. The results obtained are summarized as follows.
1. The patterns of S₁ and S₂ were a crescendodecrescendo type in all the calves examined in both L and M₁ filter recordings.
2. The duration of S₁ and S₂ in all the calves was calculated to be 0.12-0.14 and 0.06-0.07 seconds, respectively, during the observed period of fattening process in both filter recordings.
3. The Q-S₁ interval in all the calves was calculated to be 0.03-0.04 seconds in both filter recordings.
4. The Q-S₂ interval in all the calves was calculated to be 0.33 seconds over a period from 161 to 203 days after birth. It began to prolong, however, to 0.35 seconds at 216 days of age in both filter recordings.
5. The amplitude ratio (S₂/S₁) in all the calves ranged from 0.3 to 0.6 in both filter recordings.
6. In all the calves an atrial sound was frequently recorded over the period of observation. The pattern, frequency, duration, P-S₄ interval, and S₄/S₁ ratio were the crescend-decrescend type, 20-50Hz, 0.04-0.09 seconds, 0.07-0.13 seconds, and 0.2-0.6, respectively.
The PCG of calves indicated no characteristic changes with the advance in growth because of the short period of observation.
Right : The authors observed phonocardiograms (PCG's) with the advance in growth of 4 calves under fattening. PCG's were recorded 8 times at intervals of 2 weeks for 98 days extending from 116 to 259 days after birth. The site of recording was the mitral valve area on the body surface. They were analyzed for the following factors: pattern of PCG, duration of the first (S₁), second (S₂), and foruth (S₄) heart sound, Q-S₁, Q-S₂, and P-S₄ interval, amplitude ratio (S₂/S₁, S₄/S₁), and frequency of S₁, S₂, and S₄ heart sound. The results obtained are summarized as follows.
1. The patterns of S₁ and S₂ were a crescendo-decrescendo type in all the calves examined in both L and M₁ filter recordings.
2. The duration of S₁ and S₂ in all the calves was calculated to be 0.12-0.14 and 0.06-0.07 seconds, respectively, during the observed period of fattening process in both filter recordings.
3. The Q-S₁ interval in all the calves was calculated to be 0.03-0.04 seconds in both filter recordings.
4. The Q-S₂ interval in all the calves was calculated to be 0.33 seconds over a period from 161 to 203 days after birth. It began to prolong, however, to 0.35 seconds at 216 days of age in both filter recordings.
5. The amplitude ratio (S₂/S₁) in all the calves ranged from 0.3 to 0.6 in both filter recordings.
6. In all the calves an atrial sound was frequently recorded over the period of observation. The pattern, frequency, duration, P-S₄ interval, and S₄/S₁ ratio were the crescend-decrescend type, 20-50Hz, 0.04-0.09 seconds, 0.07-0.13 seconds, and 0.2-0.6, respectively.
The PCG of calves indicated no characteristic changes with the advance in growth because of the short period of observation.

Date of correction: March 05, 2010 Reason for correction: - Correction: CITATION Details: Wrong : 2) HECHT, H. H. and J. L. THORNE (1965) : Themurmur of tricus pid regurgitation and the “Venous pistol shot” sound in brisket disease of cattle. Ann. N. Y. Acad. Sci. 127, Art. 1, 354-357.
3) THIELSCHER, H. H. and D. FLOCK (1968) : Elektro- und phonokardiographische Untersuchungen an herzgesunden Rindern verschiedenen Alters. Zbl. Vet. Med. 15, 401-412.
9) SMETZER, D. L., C. R. SMITH and R. L. HAMLIN (1965) : The fourth heart sound in the equine. Ann. New York Acad. Sci. 127, 306-321.
10) JACONO, A. and C. FRIEDLAND (1959) : Frequency characteristics of extra sound. Amer. J. Cardiol. 4, 207-212.
11) PATTERSON, D. F., D. K. DETWEILER and A. S. GLENDENNING (1965) : Heart sound and murlnurs of the normal horse. Ann. New York Acad. Sci. 127, 242-305.

Right : 2) HECHT, H. H. and J. L. THORNE (1965) : The murmur of tricuspid regurgitation and the “Venous pistol shot” sound in brisket disease of cattle. Ann. N. Y. Acad. Sci. 127, Art. 1, 354-357.
3) THIELSCHER, H. H. and D. FLOCK (1968) : Elektro- und phonokardiographische Untersuchungen an herzgesunden Rindern verschiedenen Alters. Zbl. Vet. Med. 15, 401-412.
9) SMETZER, D. L., C. R. SMITH and R. L. HAMLIN (1965) : The fourth heart sound in the equine. Ann. New York Acad. Sci. 127, 306-321.
10) JACONO, A. and C. FRIEDLAND (1959) : Frequency characteristics of extra sound. Amer. J. Cardiol. 4, 207-212.
11) PATTERSON, D. F., D. K. DETWEILER and A. S. GLENDENNING (1965) : Heart sound and murlnurs of the normal horse. Ann. New York Acad. Sci. 127, 242-305.

Abstract

The authors observed phonocardiograms (PCG's) with the advance in growth of 4 calves under fattening. PCG's were recorded 8 times at intervals of 2 weeks for 98 days extending from 116 to 259 days after birth. The site of recording was the mitral valve area on the body surface. They were analyzed for the following factors: pattern of PCG, duration of the first (S₁), second (S₂), and foruth (S₄) heart sound, Q-S₁, Q-S₂, and P-S₄ interval, amplitude ratio (S₂/S₁, S₄/S₁), and frequency of S₁, S₂, and S₄ heart sound. The results obtained are summarized as follows.
1. The patterns of S₁ and S₂ were a crescendo-decrescendo type in all the calves examined in both L and M₁ filter recordings.
2. The duration of S₁ and S₂ in all the calves was calculated to be 0.12-0.14 and 0.06-0.07 seconds, respectively, during the observed period of fattening process in both filter recordings.
3. The Q-S₁ interval in all the calves was calculated to be 0.03-0.04 seconds in both filter recordings.
4. The Q-S₂ interval in all the calves was calculated to be 0.33 seconds over a period from 161 to 203 days after birth. It began to prolong, however, to 0.35 seconds at 216 days of age in both filter recordings.
5. The amplitude ratio (S₂/S₁) in all the calves ranged from 0.3 to 0.6 in both filter recordings.
6. In all the calves an atrial sound was frequently recorded over the period of observation. The pattern, frequency, duration, P-S₄ interval, and S₄/S₁ ratio were the crescend-decrescend type, 20-50Hz, 0.04-0.09 seconds, 0.07-0.13 seconds, and 0.2-0.6, respectively.
The PCG of calves indicated no characteristic changes with the advance in growth because of the short period of observation.

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