Slow Channel Inhibitor Verapamil in the Treatment of Arrhythmia

Akira SHIGA

doi:10.11276/jsvc1984.21.20

Akira SHIGA

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JOURNAL FREE ACCESS

1988 Volume 21 Issue 21 Pages 20-26

DOI https://doi.org/10.11276/jsvc1984.21.20

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Published: 1988 Received: - Available on J-STAGE: September 17, 2009 Accepted: - Advance online publication: - Revised: -
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Date of correction: September 17, 2009 Reason for correction: - Correction: TITLE Details: [in Japanese]

Date of correction: September 17, 2009 Reason for correction: - Correction: ABSTRACT Details: [in Japanese]

Date of correction: September 17, 2009 Reason for correction: - Correction: CITATION Details: Wrong : 1) HAAS, H. et al.(1962):a-lsopropyl-α[(Nmethyl-N-homoveratryl)-γ-amino-propyl]-3,4-dimethoxy phenylacetonitril, eine Substanz mit coronarargefasserweiternden Eigensehaften. Arzneim-Frosch.,12,549-555.
2) FLECKENSTEIN, A. et al. (1967): Zum Wirkungsmechanisme neurartiger Koronardilatatoren mit gleichzeitig Sauerstoff-einsparenden Myokard-Effekten, Prenylamin and Iproveratil. Z Kreislaufforsch., 56, 716-744.
3) BENDER, F.(1966): Treatment of cardiac arrhythmias. Therapiewoche, 16, 529-537.
4) NABATA, H.(1977): Effects of calcium-antagonistic coronary vasodilators on myocardial contractility and membrare potentials. Jpn. J. pharmacol., 27, 239-249.
5) OKADA, T. et al.(1975): Effects of verapamil on SA and AV nodal action potentials in the isolated rabbit heart. Jap. Clic. J., 39, 913-917.
6) MOTONARI, S. et al. (1981): Differential effects of organic slow inward current inhibitors, verapamil and nifedipine, on rate of atrioventricular rhythm and supraventricular tachycardia in the canine isolated blood-perfused AVnode preparation. Nauny-Schmie Arch Pharmacol., 315, 241-248.
8) NARIMATSU, A. et al .(1976): Effects on Atrio-ventricular conduction of calcium antagonistic coronary vasodilators, local anaesthetics and quinidine injected into the posterior and the anterior septal artery of the Atrio-ventricular node preparation of the dog. Nauny-Schm. Arch. Pharnzacol., 294, 169-177.
10) OKADA, T. et al.(1976): Effects of verapamil on electrical activities of SA node, ventricular nuscle and purkinje fibers in isolated rabbit hearts. Jan. Circul. J., 40, 239-341.
15) WOODCOCK, B. G. et al. (1981) : Verapamil disposition in liver disease and intensive-care patients: Kinetics, clearance and apparent blood flow relationships. Clin. Pharma. Therap., 29, 27-34.
16) SCHOLS, M. et al.(1983): Studies on the disposition of verapamil in patients with renal failure: Naunyn-Schm. Arch. Pharmacol., 322, (Supplement), R 130.
17) SOMOGYI, A. et al.(1981): Pharmacokinetics, bioavailability and ECG response of verapamil in patients with livercirrhosis. Brit. J. Clin. Pharmaco., 12, 51-60.
18) SCHAMROTH, L. et al.(1972) : Immediate effects of intravenous verapamil in cardiac arrthmias. Brit. Med. J., 1, 660-662.
19) SPURRELL, R. A. J. et al. (1974): Effects of verapamil on electrophysiological properties of anomalous atrioventricular connection in wolff-Parkinson-White Syndrome. Brit. Heart J., 36, 256-264.
20) KRIKLER, D. M. et al. (1974) : Verapamil in the treatment of paroxysmal supraventricular tachycardia. Postgrad. Med. J., 50, 447-453.
21) HENG, M. K. et al. (1975): Effects of intravenous verapamil on cardiac arrhythmias and on the electrocardiogram. Am. Heart J., 90, 487-498.
22) WELLENS, H. J. J. et al.(1977): Effect of verapamil studied by programmed electrical stimulation of the heart in patients with paroxysmal re-entrant supraventricular tachycardia. Brit. Heart J., 39, 1058-1066.
23) FEIGL, D. et al.(1979) : Electrocardiographic observation on the termination of Supraventricular tachycardia by verapamil. J. Electiocardiol,. 12, 129-136.
24) RINKENBERGER, R, L. et al.(1980): Effects of intravenous and chronic oral verapamil administration inpatients with supraventricular tachyarrhythmias. Circulation, 62, 996-1010.
25) SUNG, R. J. et al.(1980): Intravenous verapamil for termination of re-entrant supraventricular tachycardias: Intracardiac studies correlated with plasma verapamil concentrations. Ann. Internal Med., 93, 682-689.
26) WAXMAN, H. L. et al.(1981) : Verapamil for control of ventricular rate in paroxysmal supraventricular Tachycardia and atrial fibrillation or flutter: A Double-blind randomizd crossover study. Ann. Internal Med., 94, 1-6.
29) HIEJIMA, K. et al.(1983): Electrophysiologic evaluation of antiarrhythmic drugs on supraventricular tachyarrhthmias. Jpn. Circul. J., 47, 98-104.
31) RONOW, W. S. et al.(1979): Verapmmil in Atrial Fibrillation and Atrial Flutter. Clin. Pharmacol Ther., 26, 578-583.
32) DOMINIC, J. A. et al.(1979): Verapamil plasma levels and ventricular rate response in patients with atrial fibrillation and flutter. Clin. Pharmacol. Ther., 26, 710-714.

Right : 1) HAAS, H. et al.(1962):α-lsopropyl-α-[(N-methyl-N-homoveratryl)-γ-amino-propyl]-3,4-dimethoxy phenylacetonitril, eine Substanz mit coronarargefasserweiternden Eigensehaften. Arzneim-Frosch.,12,549-555.
2) FLECKENSTEIN, A. et al. (1967): Zum Wirkungsmechanisme neurartiger Koronardilatatoren mit gleichzeitig Sauerstoff-einsparenden Myokard-Effekten, Prenylamin and Iproveratil. Z Kreislaufforsch., 56, 716-744.
3) BENDER, F.(1966): Treatment of cardiac arrhythmias. Therapiewoche, 16, 529-537.
4) NABATA, H.(1977): Effects of calcium-antagonistic coronary vasodilators on myocardial contractility and membrare potentials. Jpn. J. pharmacol., 27, 239-249.
5) OKADA, T. et al.(1975): Effects of verapamil on SA and AV nodal action potentials in the isolated rabbit heart. Jap. Clic. J., 39, 913-917.
6) MOTONARI, S. et al. (1981): Differential effects of organic slow inward current inhibitors, verapamil and nifedipine, on rate of atrioventricular rhythm and supraventricular tachycardia in the canine isolated blood-perfused AV-node preparation. Nauny-Schmie Arch Pharmacol., 315, 241-248.
8) NARIMATSU, A. et al .(1976): Effects on Atrio-ventricular conduction of calcium antagonistic coronary vasodilators, local anaesthetics and quinidine injected into the posterior and the anterior septal artery of the Atrioventricular node preparation of the dog. Nauny-Schm. Arch. Pharmacol., 294, 169-177.
10) OKADA, T. et al.(1976): Effects of verapamil on electrical activities of SA node, ventricular nuscle and purkinje fibers in isolated rabbit hearts. Jpn. Circul. J., 40, 239-341.
15) WOODCOCK, B. G. et al. (1981) : Verapamil disposition in liver disease and intensive-care patients: Kinetics, clearance and apparent blood flow relationships. Clin. Pharma. Therap., 29, 27-34.
16) SCHOLS, M. et al.(1983): Studies on the disposition of verapamil in patients with renal failure: Naunyn-Schm. Arch. Pharmacol., 322, (Supplement), R 130.
17) SOMOGYI, A. et al.(1981): Pharmacokinetics, bioavailability and ECG response of verapamil in patients with livercirrhosis. Brit. J. Clin. Pharmaco., 12, 51-60.
18) SCHAMROTH, L. et al.(1972) : Immediate effects of intravenous verapamil in cardiac arrthmias. Brit. Med. J., 1, 660-662.
19) SPURRELL, R. A. J. et al. (1974): Effects of verapamil on electrophysiological properties of anomalous atrioventricular connection in wolff-Parkinson-White Syndrome. Brit. Heart J., 36, 256-264.
20) KRIKLER, D. M. et al. (1974) : Verapamil in the treatment of paroxysmal supraventricular tachycardia. Postgrad. Med. J., 50, 447-453.
21) HENG, M. K. et al. (1975): Effects of intravenous verapamil on cardiac arrhythmias and on the electrocardiogram. Am. Heart J., 90, 487-498.
22) WELLENS, H. J. J. et al.(1977): Effect of verapamil studied by programmed electrical stimulation of the heart in patients with paroxysmal re-entrant supraventricular tachycardia. Brit. Heart J., 39, 1058-1066.
23) FEIGL, D. et al.(1979) : Electrocardiographic observation on the termination of Supraventricular tachycardia by verapamil. J. Electrocardiol,. 12, 129-136.
24) RINKENBERGER, R, L. et al.(1980): Effects of intravenous and chronic oral verapamil administration inpatients with supraventricular tachyarrhythmias. Circulation, 62, 996-1010.
25) SUNG, R. J. et al.(1980): Intravenous verapamil for termination of re-entrant supraventricular tachycardias: Intracardiac studies correlated with plasma verapamil concentrations. Ann. Internal Med., 93, 682-689.
26) WAXMAN, H. L. et al.(1981) : Verapamil for control of ventricular rate in paroxysmal supraventricular Tachycardia and atrial fibrillation or flutter: A Double-blind randomizd crossover study. Ann. Internal Med., 94, 1-6.
29) HIEJIMA, K. et al.(1983): Electrophysiologic evaluation of antiarrhythmic drugs on supraventricular tachyarrhthmias. Jpn. Circul. J., 47, 98-104.
31) RONOW, W. S. et al.(1979): Verapmmil in Atrial Fibrillation and Atrial Flutter. Clin. Pharmacol Ther., 26, 578-583.
32) DOMINIC, J. A. et al.(1979): Verapamil plasma levels and ventricular rate response in patients with atrial fibrillation and flutter. Clin. Pharmacol. Ther., 26, 710-714.

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