Characteristics of the Ultrasound Pulsed Doppler Waveforms in Dogs

Yusaku UEHARA; Toshihiko KAWANO

doi:10.11276/jsvc1984.29.8

Yusaku UEHARA, Toshihiko KAWANO

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Keywords: composite waveform, dog, Doppler waveforms, echocardiography, pulsed Doppler method

JOURNAL FREE ACCESS

1996 Volume 29 Issue 1 Pages 8-13

DOI https://doi.org/10.11276/jsvc1984.29.8

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Published: 1996 Received: - Available on J-STAGE: September 17, 2009 Accepted: March 21, 1996 Advance online publication: - Revised: -
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Date of correction: September 17, 2009 Reason for correction: - Correction: ABSTRACT Details: Wrong : In order to clarify the characteristics of the ultrasound pulsed Doppler waveforms in dogs, we measured the blood flow Doppler waveforms at the inflow tracts of the right and left ventricle in 35 clinically healthy mongrel dogs with a age of 2 years or less. Seven measurements were performed for the inflow tract and three measurements for the outflow tract. The values were then processed, and a composite waveform was obtained. The results showed that the blood flow velocity waveform of the left ventricular inflow tract is M-shaped, and that the early diastolic peak, peak 1, is always higher than the late diastolic peak, peak 2.
The blood flow velocity waveform of the left ventricular outflow tract was halfway between a V-shape and the shape of a check mark ( ?? ), and the peak was located in the early systole. The blood flow velocity waveform of the right ventricular inflow tract was M-shaped, but both the wave height of peaks 1 and 2 and the differences between their height of peaks were small, and the waveform peak inversion rate was 40%. The blood flow velocity waveform of the right ventricular outflow tract was V-shaped. Its peak was located between early and mid-systole. These findings demonstrated that the characteristics of the Doppler waveforms in dogs are basically as the same as in humans.
Right : In order to clarify the characteristics of the ultrasound pulsed Doppler waveforms in dogs, we measured the blood flow Doppler waveforms at the inflow tracts of the right and left ventricle in 35 clinically healthy mongrel dogs with a age of 2 years or less. Seven measurements were performed for the inflow tract and three measurements for the outflow tract. The values were then processed, and a composite waveform was obtained. The results showed that the blood flow velocity waveform of the left ventricular inflow tract is M-shaped, and that the early diastolic peak, peak 1, is always higher than the late diastolic peak, peak 2.
The blood flow velocity waveform of the left ventricular outflow tract was halfway between a V-shape and the shape of a check mark (∨), and the peak was located in the early systole. The blood flow velocity waveform of the right ventricular inflow tract was M-shaped, but both the wave height of peaks 1 and 2 and the differences between their height of peaks were small, and the waveform peak inversion rate was 40%. The blood flow velocity waveform of the right ventricular outflow tract was V-shaped. Its peak was located between early and mid-systole. These findings demonstrated that the characteristics of the Doppler waveforms in dogs are basically as the same as in humans.

Date of correction: September 17, 2009 Reason for correction: - Correction: CITATION Details: Wrong : 2) Hagio, M. and H. Otsuka (1987) : Pulsed Dop-pler echocardiography in normal dogs and calves and three cases of valvular regurgitation. Jpn. J. Vet. Sci. 49. 1113-1125.
4) Brown, D. J., Knight, D. H. and R. R. King (1991) : Use of pulsed-wave Doppler echocardiography to determine aortic and pulmonary velocity and flow variables in clinically normal dogs. Am. J. Vet. Res. 52, 543-550.
5) Fisher, D. C., Sahn, D. J., Friedman, M. J., Larson, L., Valdes-Cruz, L. M., Horowitz, S., Goldberg, S. J. and H. D. Allen (1983) : The effect of variation on pulsed Doppler sampling site on calculation of cardiac output : An experimental study in open-chest dogs. Circulation. 67, 370-376.
6) Gabel, C. E. (1987) : Normal pulsed Doppler flow velocities in adult dogs. Proc. Am. Coll. Vet. Intern. Med., 921.
7) Gabel, C. E. (1991) : Doppler Echocardiography. Probl. Vet. Med., 3, 479-499.
8) Kirberger, R. M., Bland-van den Berg, P. and B. Darazs (1992) : Doppler echocardiography in the normal dog : Part I, Velocity finding and patterns. Vet. Radiol. Ultrasound., 33, 370-379.
9) Yuill, C. D. and M. R. O' Grady (1991) : Doppler-derived velocity of blood flow across the cardiac valves in normal dog. Can. J. Vet Res., 55, 185-192.
10) Uehara, Y. (1993) : An attempt to estimate the pulmonary artery pressure in dogs by means of pulsed Doppler echocardiography. J. Vet. Med. Sci., 55, 307-312.
13) Sasaki, Y., Homma, T., Yoshioka, J., Tamura, Y. and T. Hara (1985) : Noninvasive estimates of pulmonary hypertension and study of the etiology of ejection flow velocity tension and study of the etiology of ejection flow velocity profiles. J. Cardiography 15, 1251-1261.
14) Dabestani, A., Mahan, G., Gardin, J. M., Takenaka, K., Burn, C., Allfie, A. and W. L. Henry (1987) : Evaluation of pulmonary artery pressure and resistance by pulsed Doppler echocardiography. Am. J. Cardiol., 59 : 662-668.

Right : 2) Hagio, M. and H. Otsuka (1987) : Pulsed Doppler echocardiography in normal dogs and calves and three cases of valvular regurgitation. Jpn. J. Vet. Sci. 49. 1113-1125.
4) Brown, D. J., Knight, D. H. and R. R. King (1991) : Use of pulsed-wave Doppler echocardiography to determine aortic and pulmonary velocity and flow variables in clinically normal dogs. Am. J. Vet. Res. 52, 543-550.
5) Fisher, D. C., Sahn, D. J., Friedman, M. J., Larson, L., Valdes-Cruz, L. M., Horowitz, S., Goldberg, S. J. and H. D. Allen (1983) : The effect of variation on pulsed Doppler sampling site on calculation of cardiac output : An experimental study in open-chest dogs. Circulation. 67, 370-376.
6) Gabel, C. E. (1987) : Normal pulsed Doppler flow velocities in adult dogs. Proc. Am. Coll. Vet. Intern. Med., 921.
7) Gabel, C. E. (1991) : Doppler Echocardiography. Probl. Vet. Med., 3, 479-499.
8) Kirberger, R. M., Bland-van den Berg, P. and B. Darazs (1992) : Doppler echocardiography in the normal dog : Part I, Velocity finding and patterns. Vet. Radiol. Ultrasound., 33, 370-379.
9) Yuill, C. D. and M. R. O' Grady (1991) : Doppler-derived velocity of blood flow across the cardiac valves in normal dog. Can. J. Vet Res., 55, 185-192.
10) Uehara, Y. (1993) : An attempt to estimate the pulmonary artery pressure in dogs by means of pulsed Doppler echocardiography. J. Vet. Med. Sci., 55, 307-312.
13) Sasaki, Y., Homma, T., Yoshioka, J., Tamura, Y. and T. Hara (1985) : Noninvasive estimates of pulmonary hypertension and study of the etiology of ejection flow velocity tension and study of the etiology of ejection flow velocity profiles. J. Cardiography 15, 1251-1261.
14) Dabestani, A., Mahan, G., Gardin, J. M., Takenaka, K., Burn, C., Allfie, A. and W. L. Henry (1987) : Evaluation of pulmonary artery pressure and resistance by pulsed Doppler echocardiography. Am. J. Cardiol., 59 : 662-668.

Abstract

In order to clarify the characteristics of the ultrasound pulsed Doppler waveforms in dogs, we measured the blood flow Doppler waveforms at the inflow tracts of the right and left ventricle in 35 clinically healthy mongrel dogs with a age of 2 years or less. Seven measurements were performed for the inflow tract and three measurements for the outflow tract. The values were then processed, and a composite waveform was obtained. The results showed that the blood flow velocity waveform of the left ventricular inflow tract is M-shaped, and that the early diastolic peak, peak 1, is always higher than the late diastolic peak, peak 2.
The blood flow velocity waveform of the left ventricular outflow tract was halfway between a V-shape and the shape of a check mark (∨), and the peak was located in the early systole. The blood flow velocity waveform of the right ventricular inflow tract was M-shaped, but both the wave height of peaks 1 and 2 and the differences between their height of peaks were small, and the waveform peak inversion rate was 40%. The blood flow velocity waveform of the right ventricular outflow tract was V-shaped. Its peak was located between early and mid-systole. These findings demonstrated that the characteristics of the Doppler waveforms in dogs are basically as the same as in humans.

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