Abstract
We present a case of a peroneal artery aneurysm. A 68-year-old woman, who had been suffering from pain in the right calf, was admitted to our hospital. Ultrasonography and computed tomographic angiography demonstrated 50×32-mm aneurysm of the peroneal artery with mural thrombus. The patient successfully underwent aneurysmorrhaphy via a posterior approach. We recommend surgical treatment via a posterior approach for a large aneurysm of the peroneal artery.