Nonatherosclerotic Peripheral Arterial Diseases: Nonatheromatous Popliteal Artery Disease

Abstract

Popliteal artery entrapment syndrome (PAES) and adventitial cystic disease (ACD) should be considered as nonatherosclerotic lesions in young patients with popliteal artery stenosis or occlusion without risk factors for arteriosclerosis obliterans. PAES is due to a congenital abnormality of the popliteal artery running to the medial gastrocnemius, and the popliteal artery is entrapped by the medial gastrocnemius or abnormal fiber bundle. Surgery is the first choice for types with anatomical abnormalities. The exact cause of ACD is unknown, and the cyst is filled with a gelatinous mucoid substance. Popliteal artery stenosis rather than occlusion is often indicated, but resectional treatment is preferred for patients with popliteal arterial thrombotic occlusion or extensive arterial lesion.