Constructing the Amae-Type Scale (ATS) from the Perspective of Self- and Other-views

Abstract

Two studies were conducted to construct Amae-Type Scale (ATS) and to examine its validities. In Study 1, ATS was devised to assess 4 types of amae-engager, theoretically derived by combining positive(+) and negative(-) self(S)- and other(O)-views: Types A(Adaptive, +S+O), B(Suppressed, +S-O), C(Hesitant, -S+O), and D(Confused, -S-O). Then, ATS and scales for self- and other-views were administered to college students. It was theoretically predicted, and confirmed, that Types A and B are higher (more positive) in self-view than Types C and D and that Types A and C are higher in other-view than the other. In Study 2, we further included additional scales for self- and other-views in the questionnaire, so as to enhance the validities of ATS. Again, the findings confirmed our predictions. We took them to suggest that ATS has adequate validities and discussed their theoretical implications.