Classification of Over-adaptation in Early Adolescence

Development of the Over-Adaptation Scale-Relationship Specified (OAS-RS)

Abstract

In this study, we developed the Over-Adaptation Scale-Relationship Specified (OAS-RS) for early adolescents. Additionally, we investigated different characteristics of over-adaptation towards parents, peers, teachers by examining their relationships with school adjustment and stress response, and classifying individuals based on their over-adaptation. Based on a pilot study and previous studies, the OAS-RS was developed, and 1180 Japanese junior high school students, completed the questionnaire. Factor analyses found six factors, and the correlation and Cronbach's α analyses showed that the OAS-RS had adequate validity and reliability. Additionally, this study revealed that OAS-RS scores were correlated with school adjustment and stress response, and differences in the OAS-RS scores with reference to gender and grade varied for each type of relationship. A cluster analysis revealed some clusters, which were interpreted as over-adaptation towards (a) parents, peers, and teachers, (b) parents, (c) peers, and (d) peers and teachers. Those who were over-adaptive at home (towards parents), at school (towards peers and teachers), and both (towards parents, peers, and teachers) showed lower adjustment, but those who exhibited over-adaption towards peers showed no differences in adjustment scores.